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KMID : 0377619630050060625
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Korean Jungang Medical Journal
1963 Volume.5 No. 6 p.625 ~ p.636
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A New Urine Test on Loaches Used to Pregncy Diagnosis
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Abstract
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The author´s attention was called to the fact that adult female loaches do not spawn until they copulate in spite of carrying a large quantity of eggs around the year, and there is the possibility that an artificial spawning might be brought about by the administration of urine rich in gonadotrophin.
In the light of this, the author developed a new test by administering patient´s urine to a loach for the diagnosis of hydatidiform mole and pregnancy, and its value was confirmed by various preliminary studies
The test was applied to 32 cases of hydatidiform mold and four cases of chorionepithelioma malignum, obtaining strongly positive reactions (++) in 31 cases (96.38°a)of hydatidiform mole and three cases of chorionepithelioma, it made the differentiation of these conditions from pregnancy possible. In another study, 384 urine specimens from 1st. trimester prgeant women were tested obtaining positive reactions (4-+) in only 13 specimens, resulting in 2.7% false positivity. Similar test vast done utilizing 480 specimens of pregnant women in which .342 specimens (89.37%) were found to be positive (+), whereas out of 388 specimens of urine of nonpregnant women 34 (8.76%) rented positively (+). It was found that one of the most prominent features of this test is that it enabled us to differentiate between pregnancy, non-pregnancy and hydatidiform mole by a single test.
Description of test :
1. Locah used :Misgurnus Anguillicaudatus CANTOR, 10 to 25 cm in length and more than 10 grams in weight, found in Korea which is said to be similar to the Misgurnus fossilis LINNAEUS found in Europe.
2. Method of test.
1) Fresh unprocessed urine is used.
2) Loach to be used should not spawn when abdomen is gently pressed.
3) Five loaches are used in each test.
4) Two doses of 0.5cc of urine to be tested is given intraperitoneally through a small needle at a 2 hour interval.
5) Holding of loaches is facilitated by the use of a dry towel.
6) Loaches injected with urine are left in a vessel containing water that is 23°C to 27°C. (optimal 25°C.) warm and the vessel is covered to keep the loaches away from external visual stimulus.
7) Spawning test : A loach is held at the trunk near the head and the abdomen is squeezed down towards cloaca. If spawning occurs, the number and maturity of eggs are observed. At the same time the number of eggs spawned in the water of vessel is roughly calculated when they were found.
8) Thime and number of spawning test : Spawning test is done 15, 24, 36 and 48 hours after the first injection of the urine specimen. However, it is un necessary to repeat spawning tests on the same leach, whenever a strongly positive reaction(++)(spawning of more than 50 mature eggs) is observed.
9) Differentiation between mature and immature eggs : Morphological differentiation can be made based upon the size, color and bunching together of eggs However, the author designed a simpler method of differentiation by utilizing 14% NaCl solution, in which mature eggs will float but immature ones sink.
10) Interpretation :
(i) Intrrpretation of individual loach :
a) Strongly positive reaction (+4-) is recorded whenever 50 to 3000 mature eggs are spawned naturally in the vessel or artificially by the procedure described in the spawning test.
b) Positive reaction(+) is recorded when 3 to 40 mature eggs are observed by the spawning test.
c) Negative reaction(?) is recorded when no spawning occurs or one to two mature eggs are obsserved by the spawning test and only immature eggs are expressed by giving more than gentle compression on the abdomen of a leach.
(ii) Final interpretation
a) Strongly positive reaction (++)is recorded if three or more loaches out of five show strongly positive reactions (+ +), and add:rm mole or chonone itheiloma malignum is to he suspected.
b) Positive r€acticn(+) is recorded when three leaches show positive reactio (+), and pregnancy is to bo suspected.
c) Negative reaction (?) is recorded . when no reaction as described and b) occurs until 48 hours after the injection of the, urine.
d) The test may Lerepeated when leaches are dead after the uriue injection and accurate interpretation is difficult.
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